Life Cycle Analysis for Brick

Life Cycle psycho analytic thinking For Brick 1Materials be actually important in wind industry beca determination with the combination of varied hooey, we kitty create a very strong and unique build make up. in that location atomic number 18 many fiber of material that commonly employ in the mental synthesis industry, for example the glass, woods, bricks, stones, marble, concretes and etc. Brick is one of the close commonly utilize materials in Malaysia, because wellspring-nigh every house in caparison bea was strengthened by bricks.From this audition I want to give analysis about the brick look cycle include its origin and how the brick being utilise later on the end of its biography cycle. 2Brick was appeared since the beginning of the civilization, which is the antiquated Mesopotamia around 8000 BC. (Think Brick Australia 2007) The thick frame and screw up leave by the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers was reinforced with husk and shaped into brick and the n dried in the sun.Bricks were glazed in a change of colours as the time progressed and used to decorate the facades of the ziggurat, or temple towers, built as st cableways to and for the Gods. In the end, people started to attain that when the wooden houses burned and the brick on the be chimneys had been strengthened, so fire- fit(p) bricks began to replace adobe ones in India and the Middle East. And the Romans used kiln-burned brick in connection with an efficient mortar of lime and vol arouseic ash to construct creates that were both bewitching and last longer. Think Brick Australia 2007) 3Brick is a masonry building block of ashes, diversityed into a rectangular prism while plastic and hardened by firing in a kiln. The do of bricks is used easily workable and big(p) materials and the materials are head move outed to contain any with child(p) hard components or lumps of lime, this is to avoid snatch up and split of the brick. We can obtain system on the surfac e of the ground. on that point are three promontory cast of characters of dust used to manufactured form brick which are surface dust, shales, and fire ashess.The surface clays is sedimentary clays which found get on the surface of the earth, shales is clay that excite been subjected to in advanced spirits pressures until they have hardened al virtually to the form of slate, and the fire clays is clays which have found deeper in the ground than different types and to have refractory qualities. These three principal forms of clays have similar chemical compositions save appear in different physical. The clays can easily be found and to bow out because usually we can find it in the ground surface. After the clay has been withdraw from the ground, it c everyplaceed with peeing, usually used to be work by hand with fussy hoe.There are several carry outes to form a brick which are cushioned entangle service, buckram mud accomplish and dry-press subprogram. (Chin g and Adams 2001, 12. 06) The soft mud process refers to forming brick by mete relatively wet clay having a moisture content of 20 percent to 30 percent. (Ching and Adams 2001, 12. 06) The Stiff mud process refers to forming brick and structural tile by extruding stiff however plastic clay having moisture content of 12 percent to 15 percent and then the de-airing machine volition removes air and eliminating holes and bubbles in the clay. Ching and Adams 2001, 12. 06) After that the clay is force through die and deletion the extrusion to length with wires before to soup up the finish in the kiln. The dry-press process refers to forming brick by molding relatively dry or low plasticity clay which having moisture content of 5 percent to 7 percent under steep pressure, the resulting of this process is sharp-edged, smooth-surfaced bricks. (Ching and Adams 2001, 12. 06) 4The most important step to form a stronger brick is through the drying and firing process.There are three diff erent kinds in the main used the humidity system of drying can be applied to any type of dryer, as the term humidity drying represents a process rather than a form of structural design. Humidity drying may be divided into three stages first is the rut stage, during which the clay is gradually soup uped up in an atmosphere of relatively superior humidity, this prevents excessive blemishing or distorting on the face of the brick. After that is the drying period, in which the air is heated to a maximum temperature for the clay being dried, the humidity is gradually change magnitude to allow the clay to dry uniformly all the way through.And the third which is the modify stage, in which the temperature is gradually decreased to uniformity. The clay is non fully dried when lay in the kiln. Hygroscopic water is not driven off at unremarkable temperatures or even at the change state point of water. In fact, the temperature often rises quite a bit above the stewing point before the water is in all evolved. The watersmoking is accomplished by fire in the kiln furnaces. Wood is frequently used for this purpose, to avoid sooting. In the watersmoking eriod it is desired to heat up the brick, evaporate and remove the moisture, and to accomplish this successfully, it is very necessary that draft be strong. The watersmoking is the most critical point in the keep of the brick. The process must be carried very slow the water in climax out of the clay may crack the surface. After the watersmoking is completed, the temperature is increase to that required in oxidation. Oxidation begins in the later stages of vitrification, but the greater part occurs between the temperatures of 800oF and 1300oF.At this stage most of the impurities are given up off and the metals constituting the clay are changed to their several(prenominal) oxides. The highest temperature r for each oneed at this point is usually near 2000oF. 5Brick grade designates the durability of a brick who le when exposed to weathering. The United States is divided into three weathering regions, severe, moderate, and negligible, harmonise to annual winter rain and the annual number of freezing-cycle days. (Ching and Adams 2001, 12. 6) Brick is graded for use in each region according to compressive strength, maximum water absorption, and maximum fertilization coefficient. The three grades are SW is brick desirable for photo to severe weathering, as when in contact with the ground or used on surfaces likely to be permeated with water in subfreezing temperatures stripped compressive strength of 17238 kPa. (Ching and Adams 2001, 12. 06) MW is brick fit for exposure to moderate weathering, as when used above grade on surfaces unconvincing to be permeated with water in subfreezing temperatures minimum compressive strength of 15169 kPa. Ching and Adams 2001, 12. 06) NW is brick suitable for exposure to negligible weathering, as when used as a backup or intimate masonry minimum compre ssive strength of 18243 kPa. (Ching and Adams 2001, 12. 06) 6The manual occupation of the bricks involves mainly four operations namely, modify preparation, moulding, drying and firing. The main process in which power is consumed is firing of bricks. The amount of total sear required is about 18 tonnes to 22 tonnes depending upon the weather condition, prime(a) of coal, etc.A tonne of coal gives about 12. 3MJ to 13. 3MJ depending upon the quality of the coal generally transported from far off distances. (Gumaste n. d. ) The sinew required to produce each brick inclusive of transportation comes to about 5 MJ per brick. (Gumaste n. d. ) Advantage of using bricks One of the advantages of using brick to build building is because brick is a high thermal mass material, it absorb heat throughout the day and release it slowly at night, this is ensuring internal temperatures are conformable throughout the day and night.The result is were able to have comfortable and rose-cheeked liv ing and working environment in which to enjoy stable temperatures throughout the year. Brick building also very sustainable because they super durable, offer long term life performance, low maintenance, and nada efficient and recyclable. scarcely bricks have been labeled as having high embodied energy due to their process of manufacture. However, in measuring sustainability it is necessary to construct into account a materials life cycle performance, s well as the amount of energy consumed in the manufacturing process.And a recent research by think brick demonstrates that the proportion of embodied energy of clay bricks for the modern semi-detached groundwork is twin to just 1. 87 percent of the over all heating requirement for the home over its 150 year life. only during the manufacture of brick, very little clay is wasted, and those unfired waste clay is reused in the manufacturing process and less than perfect fired bricks are crushed and used as a aggregates in other part s of the building industry. In conclusion, brick has a very high embodied energy during manufacture, especially in the firing system which required many of the energy to burn the brick, but it is highly durable, offer long term life performance and low maintenance so it is very suitable as a material to built the long adhere building. Reference list Berge, B and Trans. 2000. The environmental science of Building Materials. London Reed educational and Professional Publishing Ltd. Ching, F. D. K. , and C. Adams. 2001. Building construction illustrated. 3rd ed. Toronto tail end Wiley & sons Inc. Gumaste, K. S. n. d.Embodied energy computations in buildings. http//www. ese. iitb. ac. in/aer2006_files/papers/144. pdf (accessed kinsfolk 24, 2008) Simmons, H. L. 2001. Construction Principles Materials and Methods. 7th edition. New York John Willey and Sons Inc. Think Brick Australia. 2007. Why choose Brick? Sustainability. http//www. thinkbrick. com. au/thinking-brick/why-brick/sustain ability_home/sustainability_home. cfm (accessed October 10, 2008). Think Brick United Kingdom. 2007. Why Brick? http//www. brick. org. uk/about-us/why-use-brick. hypertext markup language (accessed on September 24, 2008)